1. Detoxification: khi rau cov tshuaj lom los yog tshuaj, tshem tawm lawv cov tshuaj lom.
2. Kev koom tes hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox: ua raws li ib qho tseem ceeb txo tus neeg sawv cev, koom nrog ntau yam kev cuam tshuam redox hauv lub cev.
3. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm sulfhydryl enzyme kev ua si: tuav lub xeev txo ntawm pawg neeg nquag -SH ntawm sulfhydryl enzymes.
4. Kev saib xyuas ntawm erythrocyte membrane stability: tshem tawm cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm oxidants ntawm erythrocyte membrane qauv.
GSH, ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj metabolic, ua haujlwm ua coenzyme rau glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase thiab rau glyoxalase thiab triose dehydrogenase. Nws koom nrog hauv lub voj voog tricarboxylic acid thiab carbohydrate metabolism, thiab tuaj yeem qhib ntau yam enzymes, xws li thiol (SH) enzymes -coenzymes, yog li txhawb cov carbohydrate, rog, thiab protein metabolism. Ib tug yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm GSH molecule yog nws cov thiol pawg (-SH), uas yog nws cov pab pawg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws koom nrog ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb hauv lub cev, tiv thaiv thiol pawg ntawm cov enzymes tseem ceeb los ntawm oxidation thiab inactivation, kom ntseeg tau lub zog metabolism thiab kev siv cellular. Tib lub sijhawm, los ntawm kev khi rau cov dawb radicals hauv lub cev los ntawm nws pawg thiol, nws tuaj yeem txo cov dawb radicals ncaj qha rau cov kua qaub, yog li ua kom lub cev tawm ntawm cov dawb radicals thiab tiv thaiv lawv cov kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev tseem ceeb. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Haddad et al. tau pom tias GSH koom nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lipopolysaccharide{11}}induced cytokine transcription thiab I-KB/NF-KB signaling pathway.